Patches for teeth whitening

ABSTRACT

The present invention relates to a dry type tooth-whitening patch comprising peroxide as a tooth whitening agent. In particular, disclosed is a dry type tooth-whitening patch in which peroxide is contained, as a teeth whitening agent, in a matrix type adhesive layer. The adhesive layer includes, as a base polymer thereof, a hydrophilic glass polymer, which provides a strong adhesion to teeth while releasing the tooth whitening agent when hydrated on the enamel layers of teeth in the moist oral cavity. 
     The dry type patch according to the present invention is convenient in use, as compared to wet type patches. Further, it exhibits a superior adhesion while being maintained in a state attached to the teeth for a lengthened period of time so as to assure an enough contact time between the whitening agent in the patch and stains on the teeth, thereby giving a sufficient whitening effect.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation-in-part of and claims the benefit ofU.S. application Ser. No. 10/049,817 filed on Feb. 19, 2002 andInternational Patent Application No. PCT/KR01/00207 filed Feb. 13, 2001designating the United States of America and published in English, andclaims the benefit under 35 U.S.C. §119(e) of U.S. ProvisionalApplication No. 60/324,555 filed on Sep. 25, 2001; each of which ishereby incorporated by reference in its entirety for all purposes.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to a dry type patch that makes stains ofteeth removed and teeth whitened only through attachment to the teeth.More particularly, it relates to a dry type patch comprising ahydrophilic glass polymer as an adhesive layer in a matrix type on abacking layer and peroxide as a whitening agent, in which thehydrophilic glass polymer provides a strong adhesive attachment to teethwhile releasing tooth whitening agent when hydrated by the moist onteeth. The dry type patch of the present invention is characterized byhaving unobtrusive appearance since it is transparent. Therefore, it canbe used without interfering with normal social life. In addition, thepatch can be used conveniently since the stability with time ofperoxides in the adhesive layer at a high temperature can be assured.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

As people's interest in whitening teeth is increased, a number oftoothpaste having tooth whitening effect is commercially available.However, even though the toothpaste contains a tooth whitening agent ofgood performance, it is hard to achieve a significant teeth whiteningeffect in a short period of time, by brushing teeth for 1 to 3 minutesof contact time between teeth and toothpaste.

Recently, in order to solve the above problems, a number of patentapplications related thereto has been filed and tooth whitening productsof various formulations have been introduced in the markets.

Among them, for the professional whitening gel, a patient needs to visita dentist once or twice to examine his exact dental condition and tomeasure size of teeth. The dentist manufactures a mouth tray fittingteeth of the respective patient based on the examination andmeasurement. The patient applies a whitening gel to inner walls and atrough of the tray following instructions at home and wears the trayovernight or twice a day for 2 to 4 days in a week. Typically, the abovetreatment will be completed in 2 to 4 weeks. However, it hasdisadvantages in that using the tray is not convenient for a patient andwhen wearing the tray, the patient experiences discomfort feeling.Further, the patient has to pay lots of money to fabricate his own mouthtray. In addition, a peroxide gel at a high concentration loaded in themouth tray may flow upon teeth and contact with gum, causing irritationor damage of the gum or mouth cavity.

In order to solve these problems, Japanese Patent No. 10,017,448,assigned to Lion Cor. discloses plasters for oral cavity, whichcomprises a teeth adhesion layer and a supporting layer. A whiteningagent which can be used in this patent includes kojic acid andderivatives thereof, ascorbic acid and derivatives thereof, carbamideperoxide and the like but kojic acid and various salts thereof aredescribed as being particularly effective. However, since theabove-mentioned whitening agents have a strong acidity, it may causeirritation in an oral cavity due to a low pH. Such agents can providesuperior whitening effect at a high acidity. Therefore, it is difficultto obtain a plaster of good whitening effect without irritation.

The kojic acid is widely used in skin care products. However, it has notbeen proved to have tooth-whitening effect and has not been used as atooth-whitening agent. In practice, when adding ascorbic acid andderivatives thereof, or carbamide peroxide as a whitening agentrespectively to a patch formulation comprising a glass polymer as anadhesive, discoloration and stickiness occurs as time goes by. Inparticular, when adding carbamide peroxide, severe problems occur interms of storage as crystal forms at a temperature 40° C.

In addition, the whitening agents mentioned in the patent are usuallyconsidered to be unstable. However, the patent does not include adescription with regarding to a stabilization of these whitening agents.The above patent seems to be an idea patent, which is formed bycombining kojic acid, which is a typical raw material of cosmeticcomposition for skin whitening, produced by Lion Cor. into a plasterformulation using a common polymer without conducting concrete studies.

Japanese Patent No. 12,281,548, filed on Mar. 16, 1999 and published onMay 30, 2000, discloses a tooth whitening kit set. Claim 2 describes awater-insoluble tape, sheet, film, dental tray, mouth tray, mouthpiece,impression pack, pack material, and chewing brushing having a pluralityof protrusion on a surface contacting with teeth and prepared by formingupon dental arch. Upon reviewing the specification, the invention ischaracterized by thinly applying a whitening component in a gel phase ona supporting layer of the above appliances or by immersing the adhesionportion of the above appliances in a solution containing a whiteningagent. That is, the appliances claimed in this patent are wet type. Whenusing such type of appliances, the whitening agent may contact withhands or other part of body, causing irritation.

Further, the adhesion portion of water-insoluble tape or sheet iscomposed of woven or non-woven fabric, for example, rayon, cotton, silkor paper while the supporting layer is composed of water-insoluble film,for example, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, etc. Thus, it isnot considered that the invention is improved over the Patent No.10,017,448.

Meanwhile, this invention uses a poly phosphate as a whitening agent,instead of peroxide along with anionic surfactant and low molecularweight alcohol having not more than 3 of carbon atoms. It is describedthat the surfactant and low molecular weight alcohol are added tofacilitate the condensed phosphate infiltrating into stains. However,though effectively infiltrating into stains, poly phosphate cannotremove intrinsic stain or heavy extrinsic stain.

U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,879,691, 5,891,453 and 5,989,569, and WO 98/55044,assigned to Procter & Gamble disclose a delivery system for a toothwhitener, comprising a transparent, thin and flexible polyethylene striphaving a professional whitening gel and the like thereon, wherein theprofessional whitening gel and the like is pre-coated in a manufacturingprocess or applied directly by wearer before attaching the strip toteeth. Since it does not use a mouth tray, easiness to use is improved.Further, since the strip is thin and transparent, daily life is notinterrupted when wearing the strip. However, upon reviewing theexamples, it is noted that the invention of this patent is a wet typeteeth-whitening system constructed by using a tooth whitening substancealong with as a gelling agent, preferably carboxypolymethylene, obtainedfrom B. F. Goodrich Company under trade name of Carbopol, water, pHadjusting agent and additive carrier materials and applying thesubstance onto a strip of flexible material. When handling this type ofsystem or attaching and wearing the system onto teeth, the gelcontaining peroxide of a high concentration as a tooth whitener mayadhere to and leave on hands, tongue, gum and the like. Therefore, thereis room for improvement in handling. Further, since stabilization ofperoxide in the formulation is not sufficiently assured, the whiteningeffect may be diminished when storing at a high temperature or for along period of time.

WO 00/54699 discloses a strip improved in its shape over the strip ofits parent patent so that a whitening agent and a strip contact withteeth in better fitting. The most important feature of this patent isthat the strip is of a shape covering the user's front four teeth andtwo canine teeth while allowing the tips of the two canine teeth toprotrude. When the strip covers the tips of the two canine teeth, it isdifficult for the user to attach the strip conforming the contour ofteeth so as to remain the bleaching gel in contact with the teethsurface for a sufficient time. However, when attaching a strip of atrapezoidal shape on the lower teeth and folding it over the teeth so asto attach it onto the backside of the teeth, the tongue may touch thestrip, causing uncomfortable feeling. In order to improve a feeling ofusing the strip, it would be more desirable to provide an enoughadhesion and flexibility for the system so that the system would becomfortably attached onto both the front side and the back side of theteeth than to assure a contact time by means of a shape of the system,without making the system in a trapezoidal shape or in a structure notcovering the tips of two canine teeth.

U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,310,563 and 5,639,445, assigned to Colgate-PalmoliveCompany, disclose a dental material comprising an active componentdispersed in a polysiloxane polymer composition sold under the tradename Dow Corning 3179 Dilatant Compound by Dow Corning Corporation,which is attached to the teeth by pressing it against the teeth and thegum and easily removed from the teeth without breaking pieces andadhering to tooth surfaces. However, whereby the material has aconstruction with an active component capsulated in the polymer, theactive component cannot be easily released. Consequently, it is requiredan extended contact time in order to obtain a tooth whitening effect.

DETAILED DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

It is an object of the present invention to provide a dry type patch fortooth whitening comprising a hydrophilic glass polymer as a material ofan adhesive layer and a peroxide as a tooth whitening agent, which iscapable of accomplishing a sufficient contact time between the toothwhitening agent and stains on surfaces of teeth. It is an other objectof the present invention to provide a dry type patch for tooth whiteningwhich is safe when a user handles by hands and fingers or while a userwears on teeth since the tooth whitening agent does not adhere to andleave on user's hands and not irritate sensitive skin in the moist oralcavity. It is a further object of the present invention to provide a drytype patch for tooth whitening, which can be used easily andconveniently and has a good wearing feeling, thereby comforting the userwhile wearing the patch.

A dry type patch for tooth whitening according to the present inventionaccomplishes the above and other objects.

The present invention provides a novel dry type patch for toothwhitening comprising peroxide as a tooth whitening agent. In particular,the present invention provides a dry type patch for tooth whitening inwhich peroxide is contained as a tooth whitening agent in an adhesivelayer in a matrix type on a backing layer, which includes a hydrophilicglass polymer as a base polymer thereof. The hydrophilic glass polymercan provide a strong adhesion to teeth while releasing the toothwhitening agent dispersed therein when hydrated on the enamel layer ofteeth in the moist oral cavity.

The dry type patch according to the present invention is convenient inuse, as compared to a conventional wet type patch. Further, it exhibitsa superior adhesion while being maintained in a state attached to theteeth for an extended period of time so as to assure an enough contacttime between the tooth whitening agent in the patch and stains on theteeth, thereby giving sufficient tooth whitening effect.

For a dry type system for a tooth whitening, the stability with time ofperoxide used as a tooth whitening agent raises an issue. In the presentinvention, in order to solve this problem, a stabilizer for peroxide isadded. Further, by selecting a glass polymer having a good compatibilitywith peroxide and controlling appropriately the solvate ratio it ispossible to solve the problem associated with the stability of peroxideeven without adding a stabilizer. Therefore, according to the presentinvention, there is provided a novel dry type patch for tooth whitening,comprising a hydrophilic glass polymer as an adhesion layer of the patchand a peroxide as a tooth whitening agent dispersed therein and whichattains to a stability of peroxide either by using a stabilizer forperoxide or by selecting a glass polymer having a good compatibilitywith peroxide and controlling the solvate ratio appropriately.

Also, according to the present invention, polyphosphates may be addedalong with peroxide as a tooth-whitening agent in order to enhance thetooth whitening effect.

In general, patches used in the medical purpose are divided into twocategories: a wet type and a dry type. The wet, type patch is forexample, a hydrogel formulation, or a formulation formed by applying agel to an adhesive layer or immersing an adhesive layer in a solution.This type of patch is characterized in that an initial state of theformulation is wet since content of water or humectant in theformulation is high. Meanwhile, the dry type is characterized in that aninitial state of the formulation is dry since the content of water orhumectant in the formulation is low. For delivering a moisturizer orother medicinal components to a dry skin, it is preferable to use thewet type of patches due to its good flexibility and watery property.However, the wet type patch formulation generally lacks adhesionstrength. Further, since it is sticky from the initial state when a userhandles it, a medicinal agent may adhere to hands when attaching theformulation onto a desired place. Moreover, in a certain case, amedicinal agent or a gel comprising a tooth whitening agent may passthrough a supporting layer toward the opposite side thereof inaccordance with formulation. Specially, for a patch formulationincluding peroxide at a high concentration applied in a gel containing agreat quantity of humectant, when a user fumbles about to try to attachthe patch fitting with contours of teeth, the peroxide may adhere toundesired site, such as hands, lip, tongue, etc, causing irritation.Further, the humectant usually has no taste. Therefore, if it leaves ontongue, the user may have an alien feeling.

Thus, the present inventors adopt the dry type for a new patchformulation. The dry type patch according to the present invention hasadvantages that it has a sufficient adhesion strength in the moist oralcavity while avoiding of a tooth whitening agent adhering to hands orother places as well as gum and tongue in the oral cavity and reducingan alien feeling.

In order to produce such a dry type patch, it is necessary to select apolymer, which is able to acquire an adhesion or strengthen its adhesionwhen hydrated by a small quantity of water at a desired place whilehaving a little or no adhesion strength in a dry state. Also, thepolymer should begin to release a tooth whitening agent via hydration.The inventors discovered that a hydrophilic glass polymer has suchproperties and thus forms the present invention by employing thehydrophilic glass polymer as a base polymer in an adhesive layer of amatrix type patch.

According to the present invention, as a backing layer a sheet formed byusing water-insoluble and water-impermeable polymer as a film former isused. The backing layer plays a role of preventing the adhesive layerfrom adhering to gum or tongue and the patch from deforming or beingdetached from teeth by saliva.

The tooth whitening effect may be controlled by adjusting a thickness ofpatch or by varying tooth whitening agents. Since the present patch istransparent, it is possible for user to observe oxygen bubbles ofperoxide bleaching teeth or removing stains during wearing the patch andthereby to recognize visibly a whitening effect. Also, since the patchof transparent material according to the present invention is notconspicuous upon wearing, the user's daily life would not be impeded.

The matrix type patch of the present invention is intended to beattached not to a skin or a mucous membrane, but to an enamel layer oftooth so as to supply a tooth whitening agent to surface of teeth for asufficient time.

The principle that the patch may be adhered to teeth and a whiteningagent contained in the matrix is released on the surface of teeth isdescribed below.

In fields of drug delivery systems, there has been suggested an ideausing moisture transpired from skin in a transdermal formulation so asto release a drug when a predetermined time passes after attachment fortransdermal delivery of drug with time lag. More particularly, a barrierimpermeable to drug is provided between drug reservoir and skin adhesionsurface in a transdermal formulation. When the formulation is attachedto skin, the barrier is gradually hydrated by moisture transpired fromskin, whereby its permeability to drug is increased. In this case, ahydrophilic glass polymer may be used as material of the barrier.

Based on the above idea, the present invention is formed by using ahydrophilic glass polymer in an adhesive layer of matrix type patch sothat the whitening agent is not released in a dry state when the userhandles the patch to attach it onto teeth, but is released when thepolymer is hydrated by moist on teeth. Most of such glass polymers, whenhydrated, provide sufficient adhesion strength to remain the contactstate with surface of teeth. Thus, according to the present invention,it is not needed to use an additional means or features for fixing thepatch against teeth so as to attain sufficient contact time between thewhitening agent and teeth, such as marginal adhesive layer to be foldedonto back side of teeth. Also, the patch of the present invention doesnot generate significant irritation of gum or skin in oral cavity whenit directly contacts with gum or the skin. In addition, the patch of thepresent invention can be attached to teeth only so that the whiteningagent in not released onto gum. Thus, the first feature of the presentinvention is to use a hydrophilic glass polymer in the adhesive layer ofthe dry type patch.

For these purposes, a polymer which can be used in the adhesive layer ofthe patch according to the present invention includes poly alkyl vinylether-maleic acid copolymer (PVM/MA copolymer) such as, Gantrez AN 119,AN 139, and S-97, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid, Poloxamer 407(Pluronic), polyvinyl pyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer (PVP/VAcopolymer), such as Luviskol VA, and Plasdone S PVP/VA, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP, K-15˜K-120), Polyquaterium-11 (Gafquat 755N),Polyquaterium-39 (Merquat plus 3330), carbomer (Carbopol), hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, hydroxy ethyl cellulose, hydroxy propylcellulose, gelatin and alginate salt such as sodium alginate. Theabove-described polymers can be used alone or in a mixture. A solventfor these polymers includes water, ethanol or any mixture thereof.

The patch to be attached onto teeth should be flexible enough such thatit is deformable to conform to contour line of teeth. Some polymers havea poor flexibility depending upon their classes. In this case, asuitable plasticizer may be added. Although such plasticizer may varyaccording to the class and preparation of the polymer used, propyleneglycol, glycerin, and polyethylene glycol are generally usable.

The tooth whitening agent contained in the tooth enamel adhesive layermay be selected from a group consisting of hydrogen peroxide, carbamideperoxide, calcium peroxide, sodium percarbonate, sodium perborate,tetrasodium pyrophosphate peroxidate and mixtures thereof. Tetrasodiumpyrophosphate peroxidate (TSPP-H₂O₂), which is an addition compound oftetrasodium pyrophosphate and hydrogen peroxide, displays properties oftetrasodium pyrophosphate, per se, as well as properties of hydrogenperoxide in state of an aqueous solution or crystal. Usually,tetrasodium pyrophosphate stabilizes hydrogen peroxide without changingintrinsic properties of hydrogen peroxide. In other words, it prevents aproblem caused when using hydrogen peroxide alone. Decomposition ofhydrogen peroxide may be promoted by metallic catalase, UV-ray, oxidase,thermal treatment, etc., whereas tetrasodium pyrophosphate peroxidate isstable against the above-described materials and treatments and displaysintrinsic properties and functions of hydrogen peroxide. In practice,using tetrasodium pyrophosphate peroxidate in a liquid, gel or pastephase shows the good stability with time at a temperature of 40° C., ascompared to using peroxide alone. However, even though using tetrasodiumpyrophosphate peroxidate, the stability of peroxide in the patch cannoteasily achieved.

In general, peroxide is known to be hardly stabilized in a product dueto its good reactivity. Further, it has a poor compatibility withpolymers. Stability of peroxide in a product relates to a type orpreparation of the product. In connection with the stability of peroxidein a product, there are many patents dealing with the stabilization ofperoxide in a ordinary gel, paste or solution phase and some of them arefound to assure a stability of certain extent at a high temperature.However, there is no suggestion with respect to the stabilization ofperoxide in a thin coated gel or patch. The present inventors likewisefound after conducting much studies that such problem cannot be solvedby means of known peroxide stabilizers.

Now, the inventors have discovered a stabilizer, which can be usedwithin range in application of the present invention without harmingfundamental properties of the patch according to the present inventionand can improve the stability with time of peroxide in the patch at ahigh temperature, during screening stabilizers for peroxide in thepatch.

Therefore, in accordance with another aspects the present inventionrelates to the use of a stabilizer for peroxide along with a peroxide asa tooth whitening agent.

A stabilizer which has a good compatibility with peroxide comprises oneor more selected from a group consisting of alkyl aryl sulphonate, alkylsulphate, alkyl carboxylate, alkyl diphenyl oxide disulphonate, a seriesof Span, such as Span 60 (sorbitan stearate), Span 80 (sorbitanmonooleate), Span 85 (sorbitan trioleate) and mixtures thereof. Moredetailed explanation will be described below.

According to the present invention, a peroxide is used as a maintooth-whitening agent in the patch. However, for the patch includingonly the whitening agent, content of peroxide in the patch decreases astime passes when stored the patch at a temperature of 40° C. Uponexamining the whitening effect of the patch in vitro, it was observedthat the whitening effect is lessened, compared to the initial stage.For a gel type formulation, loss of peroxide over a time is small evenwhen an overdose of polymer is used, as a film forming agent and aspecial stabilizer for peroxide is not added. Even if formulationincludes a peroxide which lacks a stability, a desired effect can beobtained by using a small amount of a chelating agent, such as EDTA orsodium citrate, commonly known as a stabilizer for a peroxide. However,in the present invention wherein a solvent of gel is vaporized to give asheet-shaped patch, things are different. If a stabilizer is not used inthe composition though the same as that used above, the stability withtime of peroxide in the patch is more deteriorated than that obtained ina solution phase. Furthermore, upon addition of a chelating agent it isobserved that a stability of peroxide in the patch dropped, comparedbefore its addition. In addition, even when using a Dequest phosphonateclass of a stabilizer, which is known for its superior stabilizingeffect against a peroxide in the solution, satisfactory stabilizationeffect cannot be obtained.

As described above, the reason the stability with time of peroxide inthe patch differs in accordance with formulation type such as a gel,liquid or sheet phase may be reflected in various way. According to U.S.Pat. No. 4,320,102, peroxide is characterized by being very sensitivelydecomposed through a catalytic reaction of by a minimal amount of metalcontained in the composition. There have been reported data showing thatwhere 0.1 mg of iron, 0.2 mg of copper, 0.1 mg of magnesium or 0.02 mgof chromium per 1 L of 5% peroxide aqueous solution, the peroxide wouldbe decomposed. The present invention that is a sheet type patch formedby vaporization of solvent from a solution or gel phase should contain ahigh content of metal in the patch having a small thickness. Further,the sheet shaped patch has a wide surface area, which allows a high rateof reaction on the surface. In practice, it is found that gel appliedthinly on a surface, leading a wide surface area, decreases in residualperoxide over the time pass, while gel including same composition, butcontained in a container is stable at a relatively high temperature. Forthese reason, the patch such as the present invention requires sometreatments or additives for stabilization of peroxides.

In the present invention, the stabilizer for peroxide used in the patchis composed of mainly surfactant or emulsifying agent, which formsmicelles on the surface of sheet, causing a positive effect to thestabilization of peroxide. However, some of hydrophilic glass polymers,which can be used in the present invention, have a good compatibilitywith peroxide so that the peroxide can be sufficiently stabilized byadjusting solvent ratio without addition of certain stabilizer forperoxide. Thus, the present invention does not limited to essentialinclusion of a stabilizer for peroxide.

Now, more detailed description is described below.

Hydrophilic glass polymers such as polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP,K-15˜K-120), polyquaternium-11, polyquaternium-39, polyvinylpyrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer (PVP/VA copolymer) have a goodcompatibility with peroxide as well as a good solubility in water andethanol. Accordingly, with using these polymers in the patch, theperoxide can be stabilized only by adjusting ratio of water to ethanolto be 9:1 to 0:10 without a stabilizer for peroxide. It is believed thatthe peroxide becomes compatible and thereby stabilized by formation ofcomplex of polyvinyl pyrrolidone and peroxide via hydrogen bonding. Inpractice, PVP (Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone) is one of the preferred polymersused in the adhesive layer of the patch according to the presentinvention. Preferably, for a two-layer dry type patch of the presentinvention, the PVP has a relatively high molecular weight, preferablygreater than about 500,000, more preferably greater than about1,000,000. In a preferred embodiment, PVP having a molecular weight of1,270,000 is used. Also, peroxides are found to be compatible withpolymers having quaternary ammonium structure, such as polyquaternium.

According to the present invention, a mixture of water and ethanol isused as a solvent. Glass polymers, which are well compatible withperoxides typically, have so great hydrophilic property that they do notcoat uniformly a surface of a release liner or other sheet. Usingsolvent mixture of water and ethanol can solve such problem so as toobtain a uniform sheet phase.

Therefore, the third aspect of the present invention relates a patch fortooth whitening comprising a peroxide as a tooth whitening agent, aglass polymer having a good compatibility with the peroxide, wherein thepatch is stabilized at a high temperature by adjusting the ratio ofwater and ethanol without addition of a stabilizer for peroxide.

Also, the patch of the present invention further comprises a plasticizerto provide a sufficient flexibility for the patch. Suitable plasticizerincludes propylene glycol, glycerin, and polyethylene glycol although itwill vary depending on type of the polymer used and its composition.

Further, the present invention may include a polyphosphate as awhitening aid agent other than a peroxide as a main whitening agent inorder to enhance a whitening effect.

For example, polyphosphate which can be used according to the presentinvention includes one or more selected from a group consisting oftetrasodium pyrophosphate (TSPP), sodium acid pyrophosphate (SAPP),sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP), sodium tripolyphosphate (STP), sodiumpotassium tripolyphosphate (SKTP), tetrapotassium pyrophosphate (TKPP),ultraphosphates such as acidic sodium metapolyphosphate and acidicsodium polyphosphate. In general, it is known that the polyphosphate maybe used effectively as a tartar controller in toothpaste to inhibit aformation of tartar or to remove tartar. Also, the polyphosphate isknown to contribute to enhancing a tooth whitening effect since it caneffectively remove stains formed on a surface of teeth, specially thoseformed of metal such as iron, calcium, magnesium, etc. from foods orworking circumstances. The polyphosphate may act as a chelating agent tothe above metal. Therefore, it is also expected according to the presentinvention that the polyphosphate used along with peroxide may provideinhibition of tartar formation and removal of tartar for a lengthenedperiod of time. In practice, it is observed that when attaching thepatch according to the present invention to teeth, surface of teeth orgaps between teeth get cleaned.

Polymers which can be used in the backing layer of the matrix type patchin accordance with the present invention includes for example, polyvinylacetate, ethyl cellulose, poly methyl methacrylate, methacryliccopolymer, such as methacryloyl ethyl betain/methacrylates copolymer,commercially available under trade name Yukaformer from Mitsubishi,methacrylic acid copolymer, such as Eudragit L 100, Eudragit L 12,5,Eudragit L 100-55, Eudragit L 30D-55, aminoalkyl methacrylatecopolymers, such as Eudragit E 100, Eudragit E 12,5, Eudragit RL 100,Eudragit RL 30D), cellulose acetate phthalate, Shellac or mixturesthereof. In addition, enteric coating polymers, which are not dissolvedat pH 6 to 8 in an oral cavity condition, may be used as polymers in thebacking layer.

In accordance with the present invention, it is possible to use anyplasticizer in the backing layer for the same reason in the adhesivelayer. In this case, other than propylene glycol, glycerin, andpolyethylene can be used depending on the used solvent used. Forexample, caster oil, hydrogenated caster oil may be included.

Further, in order to make teeth look more whitened visually, any whitepigment may be used in the backing layer. For example, titanium dioxide,talc, hydroxy apatite, zinc oxide, etc. may be used alone or in anymixture thereof. When these pigments are not compatible with a whiteningagent in the adhesive layer, the surface-treated titanium dioxide may beused. In addition, it is possible to employ pearl material or a pigmentof various colors depending on individuality.

In accordance with the present invention, substances such as enzyme,particularly dextranase, glucose oxidase that cannot be used in theconventional toothpaste due to the stability with time may be used aloneor in a mixture. It is also possible to add papain, which is known tohave a tooth whitening effect. Further, when applying the presentinvention for treatment of oral disease, triclosan, chlorohexidin,vitamin E or its derivatives, in particular vitamin E acetate, oxidant,chlorophyll or its derivatives which is effective to inhibit bad breathor flavors may be added.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION PREPARATION EXAMPLES Example1-10, Comparative Example 1-5

In accordance with the composition described below, patches ofrespective Examples 1-10 and Comparative Examples 1-5 are prepared.Abbreviations used below have following meanings.

TKPP: tetrapotassium pyrophosphate

SAPP: sodium acid pyrophosphate

TSPP: tetrasodium pyrophosphate

Example 1

Adhesive preparation solution Polyvinyl alcohol 10%  Polyvinylpyrrolidone 3% Tetrasodium pyrophosphate peroxidate 5% Alkyl sulphate(SLS) 2% Glycerin 3% Water to 100% Backing preparation solution Ethylcellulose 8% Eudragit 5% Caster oil 4% Ethanol to 100%

Example 2

Adhesive preparation solution Polyvinyl pyrrolidone 10% Hydrogenperoxide  5% Glycerin 10% Ethanol 30% Water to 100% Backing preparationsolution Polyvinyl acetate  5% Yukaformer (Mitsubishi)  5% Glycerin  6%Ethanol to 100%

Example 3

Adhesive preparation solution Polyquaternium-39 10% Carbamide peroxide10% Ethanol 50% Water to 100% Backing preparation solution Celluloseacetate phthalate 30% Caster oil  4% Mixture of acetone and ethanol to100% (acetone:ethanol = 4:1)

Example 4

Adhesive preparation solution Polyalkyl vinyl ether-maleic acidcopolymer 12% (Gantrez S 97) Tetrasodium pyrophosphate peroxidate  6%Span 85  2% EDTA2Na 0.2%  Water to 100% Backing preparation solutionEthyl cellulose 10% Caster oil  6% Ethanol to 100%

Example 5

Adhesive preparation solution Polyalkyl vinyl ether-maleic acidcopolymer   12% (Gantrez S 97) Tetrasodium pyrophosphate peroxidate   6%Alkyl sulphate (SLS)   10% NaOH appropriate (pH up to 7) Water to 100%Backing preparation solution Ethyl cellulose   10% Caster oil   6%Ethanol to 100%

Example 6

Adhesive preparation solution Polyalkyl vinyl ether-maleic acidcopolymer   11% (Gantrez S 97) Polyvinyl pyrrolidone   3% Hydrogenperoxide   3% SAPP   4% Alkyl ary sulphonate   2% NaOH appropriate (pHup to 7) Water to 100% Backing preparation solution Polymethylmethacrylate   8% Acetone to 100%

Example 7

Adhesive preparation solution Polyquaternium-11 20% Sodium percarbonate(PC)  4% TKPP  4% Alkyl diphenyl oxide disulphonate  2% Water to 100%Backing preparation solution Eudragit 15% Propylene glycol  5% Ethanolto 100%

Example 8

Adhesive preparation solution Polyvinyl pyrrolidone 10% Hydrogenperoxide 1.5%  SAPP  2% Alkyl diphenyl oxide disulphonate  1% Glycerin 5% Water to 100% Backing preparation solution Ethyl cellulose 12%Caster oil  6% Ethanol to 100%

9

Adhesive preparation solution Polyvinyl alcohol 12% Hydrogen peroxide1.5%  TSPP 3.4%  Span 60  5% Propylene glycol  3% Water to 100% Backingpreparation solution Ethyl cellulose  8% Cellulose acetate phthalate  2%Mixture of acetone and ethanol (acetone:ethanol = 4:1) to 100%

10

Adhesive preparation solution Polyvinyl pyrrolidone 18% Hydrogenperoxide 1.5%  Ethanol to 100% Backing preparation solution Ethylcellulose 10% Eudragit  2% Caster oil  7% Ethanol to 100%

Comparative Example 1

Adhesive preparation solution Polyvinyl alcohol 10% PEG-ascorbic acid 6% Propylene glycol 3.1%  Water to 100 Backing preparation solutionEthyl cellulose 10% Caster oil  4% Ethanol to 100

Comparative Example 2

Adhesive preparation solution Polyalkyl vinyl ether-maleic acidcopolymer 12% (Gantrez S 97) Tetrasodium pyrophosphate peroxidate  6%Dequest 0.1%  Water to 100 Backing preparation solution Polyvinylacetate  5% Yukaformer  5% Glycerin  6% Ethanol to 100

Comparative Example 3

Adhesive preparation solution Polyalkyl vinyl ether-maleic acidcopolymer 12% (Gantrez S 97) Tetrasodium pyrophosphate peroxidate  6%EDTA 0.15%  NaOH appropriate (pH up to 7) Water to 100 Backingpreparation solution Ethyl cellulose 10% Caster oil  6% Ethanol to 100

Comparative Example 4

Adhesive preparation solution Carbopol 12% Hydrogen peroxide 4.5%  SAPP0.48%   Glycerin 80% Water to 100 Backing layer Polyethylene strip

Comparative Example 5

Adhesive preparation gel Polyvinyl alcohol 10% Ascorbic acid  2%Propylene glycol  2% Water to 100 Backing preparation solution Ethylcellulose 10% Caster oil  6% Ethanol to 100

Test Examples Test Example 1

After storing patches prepared to have composition as described abovefor one week at 40° C., the patches were measured for changes of surfacecondition. They are graded on the following criteria: O, increased instickiness or discolored; X, neither increased in stickiness nordiscolored.

TABLE 1 Stickiness discolorization Example 1 X X Example 2 X X Example 3X X Example 5 X X Example 7 X X Example 8 X X Example 9 X X Example 10 XX Comparative Example 1 ◯ ◯ Comparative Example 5 ◯ ◯

As seen in Table 1, Examples wherein the hydrophilic glass polymers wereused according to the present invention did not show increase instickiness and changes of surface condition in initial state or afterstoring for one week at a temperature of 40° C. However, Comparativeexamples 1 and 5 wherein polyvinyl alcohol which is a hydrophilic glasspolymer was used in the adhesive layer, and instead of a peroxide,ascorbic acid or a derivative thereof such as PEG-ascorbic acid was usedas a whitening agent showed increase in stickiness and severediscoloration as time passed.

Test Example 2

Tooth whitening effect of patches was measured according to thefollowing method.

(1) Preparation of Stained Hydroxy Apatite (HAP) Tablet Specimen.

Hydroxy apatite powder was formed into a tablet by means of an IR press.The resulting tablet was sintered at a temperature of 1000° C., moldedwith epoxy resin and etched using a strong acid. Staining of the tabletspecimen was effected by conducting a course wherein the specimen wasdipped in TSB (trypticase soybroth) solution having tea, coffee, iron,mucin dissolved therein and dried. The course was repeated several timesand continued for one week. After staining, the specimen was washedslightly with running water by a little brushing to remove light stains,which would be dissolved in or easily eliminated by water. Finally, thespecimen was dried at room temperature.

(2) Evaluation of Tooth Whitening Effect

Initial brightness values, L (100 indicates white and 0 indicates black)of respective specimens were measured by means of chroma meter. Patchesfor tooth whitening prepared in the above Preparation Examples andComparative Examples were attached to moistened specimens. The specimenshaving patches attached thereto were stored in a thermohygrostat set ata temperature of 37° C. and a humidity of 95%. After a prescribed time,the patches were removed from specimens. The removed specimens werewashed with running water by brushing and dried at room temperature.Each of specimens was measured for L value. Difference of L valuesbetween before and after attaching patches, ΔL was calculated for eachpatch. The results are shown in Table 2.

TABLE 2 Δ L (1 hour) Δ L (3 hours) Example 1 33.45 ± 3.25 38.95 ± 5.31Example 6 34.55 ± 4.55 39.23 ± 3.77 Example 8 32.38 ± 3.44 40.00 ± 3.88Example 9 37.10 ± 3.44 38.00 ± 3.88 Example 10 14.73 ± 4.11 32.25 ± 3.33Comparative  7.05 ± 1.71 15.26 ± 2.37 Example 1 Comparative 14.55 ± 2.4130.35 ± 3.24 Example 4 Comparative 17.98 ± 3.05 20.05 ± 2.99 Example 5

As seen in Table 2, patches comprising a peroxide as a whitening agentwere superior in tooth whitening effect, compared to patches comprisinga ascorbic acid or derivatives thereof. Also, it was noted that patchescomprising a peroxide in combination with a polyphosphate or an additioncompound of peroxide and a pyrophosphate as a tooth whitening agentexhibits much more improved tooth whitening effect, compared to patchescomprising peroxide only.

Test Example 3

The patches for tooth whitening prepared in accordance with thecomposition described in Preparation examples were evaluated for theirstability at a 40° C. temperature with time according to the followingmethods.

(1) Evaluation of Peroxide Content in a Patch

A solvate mixture, which is capable of dissolving both, a backing layerand an adhesive layer of a patch, was taken in an Erlenmeyer flask. Anappropriate amount of respective test patches weighed precisely, was putinto the flask and dissolved completely in the solvate mixture. 5 ml of6 N HCl was added to the flask and about 2 g of potassium iodide wasthen dissolved in the solvate. The flask was kept for 1 hour in a coldand dark place. Then, contents of peroxide in the respective patcheswere quantified by titration using 50 mM solution of sodiumthiosulphate. The results are shown in Table 3.

TABLE 3 Residual Comp. Comp. Comp. peroxide Ex. 3 Ex. 4 Ex. 5 Ex. l0 Ex.2 Ex. 3 Ex. 4 1 week 96% 100% 96% 100% 80% 86% 96% 2 week 89% 100% 93%100% 65% 70% 91% 4 week 85% 95% 91% 100% 50% 61% 84% 6 week 85% 91% 88%94% 42% 50% 71% 8 week 80% 90% 86% 90% 16% 30% 65%

As shown from the results of Examples 4 and 5 and Comparative Examples 2and 3 in table 3, adding a stabilizer for peroxide effects favorably inthe stability with time when other compositional components are same.However, in case of Example 3 and Comparative Example 10 which did notinclude a stabilizer for peroxide, since the used glass polymer andperoxide are well compatible with each other, the stability with time ofperoxide at a high temperature could be good only by adjusting the ratioof water and ethanol in the adhesive layer during the producing process.Comparative Example 4 is to evaluate Crest Whitestrips, a novel wet typewhitening agent produced by Procter and Gamble. It was observed thatresidual peroxide content in the patch was reduced rapidly after 4weeks.

Industrial Applicability

As apparent from the above description, the patch for tooth whiteningaccording to the present invention has a superior tooth whiteningeffect. Further, the present patch is dry type using a hydrophilic glasspolymer in an adhesive layer. Accordingly, only upon attaching the patchto teeth the glass polymer is hydrated to provide an adhesion whilemaking the whitening agent released. Therefore, it is safe and efficientin using for a short time period. In addition, the patch of the presentinvention has a good stability of peroxide in the patch at a hightemperature.

What is claimed is:
 1. A dry type patch for tooth whitening comprisingan adhesive layer on a backing layer, wherein the adhesive layercontains a peroxide as a tooth whitening agent and a peroxide-compatiblehydrophilic glass polymer as a base polymer, whereby the adhesive layerhas little or no adhesion strength in a dry state and provides a strongadhesion to teeth while releasing the tooth whitening agent whenhydrated on the enamel layers of teeth.
 2. The dry type patch for toothwhitening according to claim 1, wherein the peroxide is selected fromthe group consisting of hydrogen peroxide, carbamide peroxide, calciumperoxide, sodium percarbonate, sodium perborate, tetrasodiumpyrophosphate peroxidate, and combinations thereof.
 3. The dry typepatch for tooth whitening according to claim 1, wherein the hydrophilicglass polymer used in the adhesive layer is selected from the groupconsisting of polyalkylvinylether-maleic acid copolymer, polyvinylalcohol, polyacrylic acid, Poloxamer 407, polyvinyl pyrrolidone-vinylacetate copolymer, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, Polyquaterium-11,Polyquaterium-39, carbomer, hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, gelatin, sodium alginate, andcombinations thereof.
 4. The dry type patch for tooth whiteningaccording to claim 3, wherein the adhesive layer further comprises astabilizer for peroxide selected from the group consisting of alkylarylsulphonates, alkyl sulphates, alkyl carboxylates, alkyldiphenyloxidedisulphonates, sorbitan stearate, Sorbitan monooleate, sorbitantrioleate, and mixtures thereof.
 5. The dry type patch for toothwhitening according to claim 3, wherein the patch further comprisespolyphosphate in order to enhance a teeth whitening effect.
 6. The drytype patch for tooth whitening according to claim 5, wherein thepolyphosphate is selected from the group consisting of tetrasodiumpyrophosphate, sodium acid pyrophosphate, sodium hexametaphophate,sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium potassium tripolyphosphate,tetrapotassium pyrophosphate, acidic sodium metapolyphosphate andcombinations thereof.
 7. The dry type patch for tooth whiteningaccording to claim 3, wherein the backing layer comprises a polymerselected from the group consisting of cellulose acetate phthalate,Shellac, polyvinylacetate, ethyl cellulose, polymethylmethacrylate,methacryloylethyl betain/methacrylates copolymer, methacrylic acidcopolymer, aminoalkylmethacrylate copolymers, and mixtures thereof. 8.The dry type patch for tooth whitening according to claim 7, wherein thebacking layer further comprises a pigment selected from the groupconsisting of titanium dioxide, surface treated titanium dioxide, zincoxide, hydroxy apatite, talc, pearl, a pigment of various colors, andmixtures thereof.
 9. A dry type patch for tooth whitening comprising anadhesive layer on a backing layer, wherein the adhesive layer contains aperoxide as a tooth whitening agent and a hydrophilic glass polymer as abase polymer, the hydrophilic glass polymer is selected from the groupconsisting of polyvinyl pyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyvinylpyrrolidone, Polyquaterium-11, Polyquaterium-39, and mixtures thereof,which has a good compatibility with the peroxide and, by adjusting thesolvate ratio of water to ethanol solvents used to form the adhesivelayer to be in the range of about 9:1 to 0:10, stability for peroxidewith time is obtained without addition of a stabilizer for peroxide andthe adhesive layer provides a strong adhesion to teeth while releasingthe tooth whitening agent when hydrated on the enamel layers of teeth.10. The dry type patch for tooth whitening according to claim 9, whereinthe peroxide is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen peroxide,carbamide peroxide, calcium peroxide, sodium percarbonate, sodiumperborate, tetrasodium pyrophosphate peroxidate, and combinationsthereof.
 11. The dry type patch for tooth whitening according to claim9, wherein the patch further comprises polyphosphate in order to enhancea teeth whitening effect.
 12. The dry type patch for tooth whiteningaccording to claim 11, wherein the polyphosphate is selected from thegroup consisting of tetrasodium pyrophosphate, sodium acidpyrophosphate, sodium hexametaphophate, sodium tripolyphosphate, sodiumpotassium tripolyphosphate, tetrapotassium pyrophosphate, acidic sodiummetapolyphosphate, and combinations thereof.
 13. The dry type patch fortooth whitening according to claim 9, wherein the backing layercomprises a polymer selected from the group consisting of celluloseacetate phthalate, Shellac, polyvinylacetate, ethyl cellulose,polymethylmethacrylate, methacryloylethyl betain/methacrylatescopolymer, methacrylic acid copolymer, aminoalkylmethacrylatecopolymers, and mixtures thereof.
 14. The dry type patch for toothwhitening according to claim 13, wherein the backing layer furthercomprises a pigment selected from the group consisting of titaniumdioxide, surface treated titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, hydroxy apatite,talc, pearl, a pigment of various colors, and mixtures thereof.
 15. Thedry type patch for tooth whitening according to claim 2, wherein theadhesive layer comprises polyvinyl pyrrolidone having a molecular weightgreater than about 500,000.
 16. The dry type patch for tooth whiteningaccording to claim 15, wherein the adhesive layer further comprises astabilizer for peroxide selected from the group consisting of alkylarylsulphonates, alkyl sulphates, alkyl carboxylates, alkyldiphenyloxidedisulphonates, sorbitan stearate, Sorbitan monooleate, sorbitantrioleate, and mixtures thereof.
 17. The dry type patch for toothwhitening according to claim 15, wherein the patch further comprisespolyphosphate in order to enhance a teeth whitening effect.
 18. The drytype patch for tooth whitening according to claim 15, wherein thebacking layer comprises a polymer selected from the group consisting ofcellulose acetate phthalate, Shellac, polyvinylacetate, ethyl cellulose,polymethylmethacrylate, methacryloylethyl betain/methacrylatescopolymer, methacrylic acid copolymer, aminoalkylmethacrylatecopolymers, and mixtures thereof.
 19. The dry type patch for toothwhitening according to claim 2, wherein the adhesive layer comprisespolyvinyl pyrrolidone having a molecular weight greater than about1,000,000.
 20. The dry type patch for tooth whitening according to claim2, wherein the adhesive layer comprises polyvinyl pyrrolidone having amolecular weight greater than about 1,270,000.
 21. The dry type patchfor tooth whitening according to claim 15, wherein the hydrophilic glasspolymer in the adhesive layer consists essentially of polyvinylpyrrolidone.
 22. The dry type patch for tooth whitening according toclaim 19, wherein the hydrophilic glass polymer in the adhesive layerconsists essentially of polyvinyl pyrrolidone.
 23. The dry type patchfor tooth whitening according to claim 20, wherein the hydrophilic glasspolymer in the adhesive layer consists essentially of polyvinylpyrrolidone.
 24. The dry type patch for tooth whitening according toclaim 2, wherein the hydrophilic glass polymer in the adhesive layerconsists essentially of polyvinyl alcohol.
 25. The dry type patch fortooth whitening according to claim 2, wherein the hydrophilic glasspolymer in the adhesive layer consists essentially of a mixture ofpolyvinyl pyrrolidine and polyvinyl alcohol.